Twice Two Makes Four Meaning
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Meaning of Modern Art
Author: Karsten Harries
language: en
Publisher: Northwestern University Press
Release Date: 1968
That modern art is different from earlier art is so obvious as to be hardly worth mentioning. Yet there is little agreement as to the meaning or the importance of this difference. Indeed, contemporary aestheticians, especially, seem to feel that modern art does not depart in any essential way from the art of the past. One reason for this view is that, with the exception of Marxism, the leading philosophical schools today are ahistorical in orientation. This is as true of phenomenology and existentialism as it is of contemporary analytic philosophy. As a result there have been few attempts by philosophers to understand the meaning of the history of art—an understanding fundamental to any grasp of the difference between modern art and its predecessors. Art expresses an ideal image of man, and an essential part of understanding the meaning of a work of art is understanding this image. When the ideal image changes, art, too, must change. It is thus possible to look at the emergence of modern art as a function of the disintegration of the Platonic-Christian conception of man. The artist no longer has an obvious, generally accepted route to follow. One sign of this is that there is no one style today comparable to Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, or Baroque. This lack of direction has given the artist a new freedom. Today there is a great variety of answers to the question, "What is art?" Such variety, however, betrays an uncertainty about the meaning of art. An uneasiness about the meaning of art has led modern artists to enter into dialogue with art historians, psychologists and philosophers. Perhaps this interpretation can contribute to that dialogue.
Notes From Underground
Author: Fyodor Dostoyevsky
language: en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date: 2004-11-02
A collection of powerful stories by one of the masters of Russian literature, illustrating Fyodor Dostoyevsky's thoughts on political philosophy, religion and above all, humanity. From the primitive peasant who kills without understanding that he is destroying a human life, to the anxious antihero of Notes From Underground—a man who both craves and despises affection—this volume and its often-tormented characters showcase Dostoyevsky’s evolving outlook on man’s fate. The compelling works presented here were written at distinct periods in the author’s life, at decisive moments in his groping for a political philosophy and a religious answer. Thomas Mann described Dostoyevsky as “an author whose Christian sympathy is ordinarily devoted to human misery, sin, vice, the depths of lust and crime, rather than to nobility of body and soul”—and Notes From Underground as “an awe-and-terror-inspiring example of this sympathy.” Translated and with an Afterword by Andrew R. MacAndrew With an Introduction by Ben Marcus
Existential Man
Author: Richard E. Johnson
language: en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date: 2013-10-22
Existential Man: The Challenge of Psychotherapy presents a therapist's impression of existential man. The book focuses on the personal experiences and conceptual organization of a practicing psychotherapist as a student, client, and therapist. This book is divided into three main topics— foundations, encounters, and directions. In these topics, this text specifically discusses the critical commitment and existential self. The congruent, modified, body, metaphor, and emergent encounters are also deliberated. This compilation likewise covers the end of professionalism, validation of experience, and metaphysics of psychotherapy. This publication is a good reference for students researching on psychotherapy, including those interested in the therapeutic interaction or treatment contracted between a trained professional and a client, patient, family, couple, or group.